Explanation: While Virgil’s Aeneid is pretty well known, only fragmentary records remain of his two main influences: Ennius’ Annales and, most importantly, Naevius’ Bellum Poenicum, the first Latin epic poem (that we know of).
Of the Annales, written in the 2nd century BC, we have 600-ish fragmentary lines, and it was one of the biggest Latin epic poems of its time, recounting Rome’s history from the Trojan War to the Aetolian War. It fell out of grace sometime after the Imperial Age, with Virgil already criticizing Ennius’ “crude style”.
But far more fascinating is the Bellum Poenicum, written during the 3rd century BC: almost completely lost to time (we only have 50-ish fragments, most of which one-liners), we know very little about it. Written in “Saturnian”, the old Latin/Italic poetic form indigenous to Italy (perhaps inspired by Greek poetry, but it’s difficult to say), it wove history and myth together, perhaps even including Aeneas and Dido’s love story. If this was true, it would paint a much stronger connection between the Bellum Poenicum and Virgil’s literary masterpiece.Although difficult to ascertain, the meme is exaggerated and Naevius was (probably) NOT the “creator” of Aeneas’ myth. It could have been much older than that, although our knowledge of the humble beginnings of Rome’s literature is so spotty, that even making wild guesses would somehow feel wrong.
(EDITed with a bit more clarifications)
Should’ve gotten patronized by the egotistical strongman figure of your era, Naevius, then you could’ve had everlasting fame too!
Oh, he did the exact opposite of that! He built his career on standing up against authority. When Rome banned the Bacchanalia, Naevius wrote a tragedy (Lycurgus) about a Thracian king who did the same thing and was punished by Dionysus/Bacchus (a roundabout way to say “fuck you” to the senate, if you ask me).
He also wrote comedies and satires that heavily involved the politics of his time, especially concerning the powerful Metellus family and Publius Cornelius Scipio. He was so good at his work that they had to ban his form of satire (as in, ad hominem attacks against the higher-ups) and imprison him.
Naevius is the MVP of Latin literature. Everyone else is just a fuckboy of some random aristocrat or emperor.
Now THIS is niche!
I made this meme because my man Naevius and his opus are not cited even ONCE in the Aeneid’s Wikipedia page, which I consider a huge disservice to history. I’m doing my part to rectify that.