Replying in order:

• Yeah, I think it is implied, not sure though. We saw Noir taking his chip last season, surely the CIA can do it as well? Though that scene bugged me a bit, because I thought Noir had strengthened skin as well, but he cut right through it with his knife.
• We don’t know about her history, only that she was in that orphanage Marie (from Gen V) and the guy she popped in an alley way went to, so it’s likely she was injected with V as a baby, and later lost/killed their parents too. Regarding her daughter, she injected her with V last season amidst the whole tension between Stan and HL.
• Don’t think so, otherwise there would have been consequences. I wonder if HL suspects it.
• Yeah I’m very curious as well. It seems to me the kid will be deeply conflicted, but we’re seeing he’s not all that comfortable with killing randos.
• Yup, for sure. If anything this last season has told us is that the showrunners aren’t really afraid of blatantly criticizing aspects of real-life US society and politics. I feel it’s even a bit too on the nose sometimes :P
• For sure lmao. The writing on this show is pretty consistently good, like few are nowadays.
• Man, Colby Minifie is really freaking great. I hadn’t (and still haven’t) seen her in any other role, but she absolutely kills Ashley. Excellent casting.
• I dunno either, but surely she has a plan? That’s the thing with writing characters with “absolute” powers (“smartest”, “strongest”, “fastest”, etc), specially Sage – if someone is that smart, they’d always be a bagillion steps ahead of everyone, having predicted any possible outcome and how to get away from trouble, but you can’t really think like that or truly convey their intelligence, unless you’re fully okay with just having a borderline unbeatable character. Now, I’ve seen people make the case that Sage’s intellect has very definitive limits and that it may be no match for HL’s chaotic nature (specially if he unchains himself emotionally, thus becoming less human, like his other mirror personality was talking about at the end of last season), and I quite agree with that. Perhaps that will be her downfall. I’m quite invested in this character.
• Yeah, A-Train is likely to do something redemptive this season, either something drastic or a more systematic change. We’ve been teased about it before, but he always went back. Maybe now, since his brother was crippled, he manages to break free from HL’s fear-induced grip.
• Yep. As I said, the writers and producers seem to be getting bigger balls each season :P You’ll see more of that in later episodes.